Capolona, the capital of the homonymous municipality, has a unique history.
The municipality extends on the slopes of Pratomagno towards the south and on the right bank of the Arno river, and historically coincides with the possessions of the ancient Abbey of San Gennaro in Campoleone. Capolona is a name that identifies not so much a specific center, but rather an entire area, having changed over the centuries the location of the capital; after the abandonment of the Abbey, located near the current village of Castelluccio, the territory was merged with other communities (especially with Subbiano, on the other side of the Arno) until the Napoleonic domination.
In 1808, the district of Capolona, Bibbiano, and Belfiore was established, and the municipal seat was in Castelluccio, the center closest to the ancient Abbey, and acquired the name of Capolona. Previously, the name had passed to a nearby town, the seat of the parish of San Giovanni, a place until then called Sulpiciano.
More recently, the capital, and consequently the name, passed to the current Capolona, a group of buildings at the foot of Caliano, near the bridge that crosses the Arno river, and around the F.lli Soldini shoe factory, which was established in the late fifties of the twentieth century.
Capolona, therefore, has mostly a modern appearance, along the Arno river, and is crossed by the regional road n.71 and by the Arezzo-Pratovecchio-Stia railway. The municipality is part of the landscape at a point where the Casentino and the Arno valley open up in a wide range that leads to the great expanse formed by the confluence of the Val di Chiana into Valdarno, and where the Arno river 'turns its nose' in Arezzo. The territory is crossed by short streams that come down from the southernmost part of Pratomagno, which is quite steep above the capital but softens towards Pieve San Giovanni.
Capolona is located in the center of a remarkably interesting territory for its historical events: important archaeological finds, also of Neolithic origin, have been discovered around the towns of Cafaggio, Cafaggiolo, Cicaleto, and Vico.
Many towns still maintain a typical medieval style with more or less evident traces of masonry structures: we remember Castelluccio with its 'Portaccia', its walls and its towers still partly evident; Pieve di Cenina, Pieve San Martino Sopr'Arno and Pieve San Giovanni, Pieve od Santo witch testimonies of Byzantine origin; Bibbiano with well-preserved sections of the city walls and the bell tower (originally probably the keep), and then Lorenzano, Baciano, Ponina, Cenina, Migliarino, Vezza, Casavecchia, Busseto, Apia, Santa Margherita, Poggio al Pino, Figline, Busenga, Ierna and many other small villages and farmhouses scattered in the hills.
There are a number of traces of defensive and fortified structures that were probably part of the defensive system dating back to the early Middle Ages: Lorenzano, Casella, Caliano, Belfiore, Bibbiano, Vezza, Castelluccio. It is a territory waiting to be discovered, on foot, by mountain bike or on horseback, which makes the visitor the real protagonist, pushing them to search for landscape views and panoramic views of rare beauty from the gentle hills surrounding it. It is possible to catch a glimpse of Casentino with the massif of La Verna, the imposing Alpe di Catenaia, the massif of Pratomagno, Mount Amiata and even a glimpse of Lake Trasimeno.